How Does a DEXA Scan Measure Bone Density?

Bone health is important for overall well-being, especially as people age. Conditions like osteoporosis can weaken bones, increasing the risk of fractures. A DEXA scan is a quick and accurate way to measure bone density and help prevent serious bone issues.

What Is a DEXA Scan?

A DEXA scan, or Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, is a medical test that measures bone density using low-dose X-rays. It helps detect bone loss, assess fracture risk, and guide treatment plans.

How Does a DEXA Scan Work?

The DEXA machine sends two X-ray beams through the body. Bones absorb more X-rays than soft tissues, so by measuring the amount absorbed, the scan calculates bone density. The test is usually done on the lower spine and hips, as these areas are most likely to show early signs of bone loss.

The DEXA Scan Procedure

1. Preparation: Wear loose clothing without metal zippers or buttons. Avoid calcium supplements 24 hours before the scan.

2. During the Test: You lie on a cushioned table while the scanner moves over your body. The test takes 10–20 minutes and is painless.

3. After the Test: You can resume normal activities immediately.

Understanding Your Results

• T-Score: Compares your bone density to a healthy young adult.

  • Normal: -1 or higher

  • Osteopenia (low bone mass): -1 to -2.5

  • Osteoporosis: -2.5 or lower

• Z-Score: Compares your bone density to others your age, gender, and size.

Your doctor will explain the results and recommend lifestyle changes, supplements, or treatments if needed.

Benefits of a DEXA Scan

• Early Detection: Catch bone loss before fractures happen.

• Monitoring Progress: Track bone density over time.

• Personalized Treatment: Help doctors choose the right treatment plan.

Who Should Get a DEXA Scan?

• Women over 65 and men over 70

• Postmenopausal women under 65 with risk factors

• Anyone with a history of fractures or bone-related diseases

Limitations to Consider

While DEXA scans by carescan are very accurate, results can be affected by body size, recent fractures, or spinal issues. In some cases, extra tests may be needed for a complete picture of bone health.

Conclusion

A DEXA scan is a simple and effective tool for checking bone density and preventing fractures. It provides valuable insights that help people and their doctors make informed decisions about bone health. Regular screenings, a healthy diet, and exercise can go a long way in maintaining strong bones for life.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is a DEXA scan safe?

   • Yes, it uses very low radiation and is considered safe for most people.

2. How often should I get a DEXA scan?

   • Every 1–2 years if you are at risk, or as recommended by your doctor.

3. Can I wear jewelry during the scan?

   • No, it’s best to remove metal items to avoid affecting the results.

4. Will I get results immediately?

   • It usually takes a few days for your doctor to review and explain your results.

5. What if my results show low bone density?

   • Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes, medications, or supplements to strengthen your bones.